This project aims to characterize, i) the biogeography of fungal communities by determining their taxonomic diversity in 2,200 soils from the French soil survey network (RMQS), which covers all of Franceand ii), the functional metagenomics of 50 RMQS soils chosen for their particular characteristics and surrounding environmental conditions. Analyses will be performed using Illumina technology (18S and whole metagenome) directly on soil DNA. Taxonomic reads will be analyzed by the dedicated pipeline GnS-PIPE (Genosol platform) and metagenomic reads will be processed by the Migale platform.